On 19 November 2025, the General Court of the European Union (the General Court) delivered a significant judgment in Case T-367/23, dismissing Amazon EU Sàrl (Amazon)’s challenge to the European Commission (EC)’s decision to designate Amazon Store as a “very large online platform” (VLOP) under the Regulation (EU)  2022/2065 (the Digital Services Act or DSA). This decision follows the decision in Case T-348/23 Zalando v Commission in September 2025 (the Zalando decision) (see our analysis of that decision here), and is the second decision in a number

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